2.. PRINCIPAL KINDS OF DISCRIMINATION
2.1 Discrimination based on race.
Racism can be defined as a conscious or unconscious belief in the superiority of one race over other another. This definition presupposes the existence of different biologic ‘races’.
The term racism is actually used in many ways. Some refer to racism as white super Racism, the belief that the Caucasian race is superior to all other races. Others define racism as discrimination against a particular race’s culture, beliefs or traditions. Racism might refer to the idea that a single race is somehow purer than other races, or that one race genetically exhibits dominance over others. Some believe that race can be a way to determine behavior and performance.
Example: An African American family want to rent an apartment but the owner do not let them pass because they are black.
2.2 Discrimination based on ethnicity
Ethnic discrimination is unequal treatment of people based on the fact that they belong to a certain ethnic or national group. Ethnic discrimination can also involve placing a person in a different position on the basis of religion, skin color or nationality.
Example: A group of Mexican people want to eat in a restaurant but they read the sign outside the restaurant: ¨we serves white´s only, no Spanish or Mexicans¨
2.3 Gender discrimination
Is discrimination against a person or group on the grounds of sex or gender identity. Socially, sexual differences have been used to justify societies in which one sex or the other has been restricted to significantly inferior and secondary roles.
The Equal Opportunity Act recognizes the right of people to identify as a member of a particular gender. People can identify as a member of a particular gender by the way they dress, a change of name and by medical intervention which can include hormone therapy, counseling and surgery
Example: One woman want to work in the Army and the General said that she could not work because she is a women.
2. 4 Discrimination based on religion
Religious discrimination is valuing or treating a person or group differently because of what they do or do not believe.
The law against discrimination because of religion or belief does not cover purely political beliefs unless they are also philosophical beliefs. Examples include: refusing you a bank loan because you're Jewish. Refusing to allow you into a restaurant because you're Muslim
EXAMPLE: A Muslim man want to work in a Park but the manager said no only because the he is Muslim.
2.5 Discrimination based on sexual orientation
Homophobia is an aversion to or hatred of gay, lesbian or homosexual people, or their lifestyle or culture, or generally of people with a different sexual orientation, including bi-sexual and transgender people
Whether you are heterosexual, homosexual, lesbian or bisexual you have the same rights under the Equal Opportunity Act. That means it is against the law for someone to discriminate against you because of your sexual orientation.
. That means who you have a different sexual orientation with should have no bearing on whether you get a job, a promotion, accommodation, a loan or place on a sporting team.
Example: A gay man tells a trusted co-worker he is gay. Later, he finds his name included in graffiti that is insulting to homosexuals displayed in the wall.
2.6 Discrimination based on disability
The term ‘person with a disability’ may refer to many different conditions: a disability may be physical, intellectual, sensory or psycho-social, temporary or permanent, and result from illness, injury or genetics. People with disabilities have the same human rights as all other people.
Disability discrimination can either be direct or indirect.
Direct discrimination is where you are treated less favorably because of your disability than someone without a disability would be treated in the same circumstances.
Indirect discrimination is where there is a rule policy or practice which seems to apply equally to everyone, but which actually puts disabled people at an unfair disadvantage compared with people who aren't disabled.
Example: If one supermarket doesn’t have a ramp that is an indirect discrimination to the people that have a disability because how that people ingress to the supermarket if it doesn’t have ramp.
